Queen Nanny, Granny Nanny or
Nanny or Nanny of the Maroons (c. 1686 – c. 1755), was an 18th-century leader of the
Jamaican Maroons. She led a community of formerly enslaved Africans called the Windward Maroons.
[1] In the early 18th century, under the leadership of Nanny, the Windward Maroons fought a guerrilla war over many years against British authorities in the
Colony of Jamaica in what became known as the
First Maroon War.
Much of what is known about her comes from
oral history, as little textual evidence exists. According to Maroon legend, Queen Nanny was born in what is today
Ghana of the
Akans people.
[2] According to the oral tradition and at least one documentary source, she was never enslaved.
[2] Although widely assumed that she arrived in Jamaica as a slave, how she arrived in Jamaica is not certain.
During the years of warfare, the British suffered significant losses in their encounters with the Windward Maroons of eastern Jamaica. Maroons attributed their success against the British to the successful use of supernatural powers by Nanny, but historians argue that the Maroon mastery of guerrilla warfare played a significant role in their success. Having failed to defeat them on the battle field, the British sued for peace signing a treaty with them on 20 April 1740.
[2] The treaty stopped the hostilities, provided for state sanctioned freedom for the Maroons, and granted 500 acres of land to Nanny and her followers. The village built on the land grant still stands and today is called
Moore Town. It is also known as the New Nanny Town. Modern members of the Moore Town celebrate 20 April 1740 as a holiday.
In 1975, the government of
Jamaica declared Nanny as their only female national hero celebrating her success as a leader, military tactician and strategist.
[3] Her image is also on the
Jamaican $500 note which is called a Nanny in
Jamaican slang.
From
Nanny of the Maroons - Wikipedia